Tyranny by law: When treason charges are a tool for muzzling political dissent

Human rights groups warn about the increasing use of treason charges to sideline political rivals in Africa. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, former president Joseph Kabila was sentenced to death in absentia for treason in 2025. In Zambia, opposition leader Brian Mundubile and other political figures were charged with treason in August 2026, an offense punishable by death. UN Human Rights Special Rapporteur Gina Romero calls for the release of political detainees and respect for fundamental freedoms.