Dodging the Draft - Civil War Monitor

Less than two months after violent draft protests in New York City in July 1863, _The Scientific American_ reprinted an article from _The North American_ describing a form of draft resistance involving exemption claims for conditions like hemorrhoids and ruptures. The article explains the thorough medical examinations for substitutes, where every part of the body is scrutinized to prevent fraud. Accepted substitutes undergo strict physical tests before being enlisted as soldiers for three years.